![]() Moisture calculation : The analog value from the sensor is mapped to a moisture percentage using predefined thresholds for air value and water value. ![]() Sensor reading : The system uses a capacitive soil moisture sensor connected to an analog input pin of the Arduino.The power supply is regulated using a voltage regulator to provide stable 9V DC power to the Arduino Nano. Power on : The system is powered by a 12V power supply connected to the Arduino board.The Arduino Uno microcontroller is programmed to read the sensor's values and activate a water pump when the moisture falls below a predetermined threshold. The Automatic Irrigation System with Arduino works by using a moisture sensor to detect the moisture level in the soil.
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